William Penn - Season Statistics
William Penn
Season Statistics
Overall Statistics
William Penn University Baseball
Overall Statistics for William Penn (as of May 09, 2010)
(All games Sorted by Batting avg)
Record: 44-13 Home: 14-3 Away: 5-8 Neutral: 25-2 MCC: 16-6
Player AVG GP-GS AB R H 2B 3B HR RBI TB SLG% BB HBP SO GDP OB% SF SH SB-ATT PO A E FLD%
24 Helton, Tyanna... .458 56-56 168 46 77 19 0 14 56 138 .821 29 2 12 1 .537 2 0 0-0 376 22 5 .988
26 Reber, Whitney... .400 13-1 5 5 2 0 0 0 0 2 .400 0 0 1 0 .400 0 0 0-0 1 0 0 1.000
19 Lewis, Khyia..... .387 53-53 163 34 63 17 1 3 30 91 .558 13 1 29 0 .433 1 0 1-1 49 5 1 .982
27 Lorah, Krystina.. .386 54-53 171 34 66 12 0 10 49 108 .632 10 2 13 0 .422 2 0 1-1 262 19 4 .986
25 Atkins, Kara..... .335 57-57 167 24 56 10 0 3 41 75 .449 16 6 15 0 .411 1 0 0-1 117 51 3 .982
15 Miller, Molly.... .335 53-51 179 42 60 10 2 0 24 74 .413 8 3 22 0 .374 0 1 0-0 24 41 2 .970
4 Rensberger, Andre .333 51-48 120 26 40 0 0 0 11 40 .333 9 0 14 0 .380 0 1 4-4 36 2 2 .950
6 Stream, Ashley... .316 54-53 193 45 61 17 0 4 19 90 .466 9 2 20 0 .353 0 0 1-3 47 89 15 .901
20 Labbe, Brittany.. .308 23-15 52 10 16 0 0 0 5 16 .308 1 0 11 0 .321 0 0 0-0 10 0 0 1.000
30 Ward, Cassie..... .286 29-10 42 4 12 3 0 1 11 18 .429 7 4 8 0 .434 0 0 0-0 0 0 0 .000
2 Mork, Leah....... .270 55-54 163 31 44 9 2 6 36 75 .460 6 2 37 0 .302 1 0 3-6 97 102 11 .948
9 Dreyer, Hailey... .256 55-55 156 26 40 4 3 2 14 56 .359 7 0 27 0 .287 1 5 3-3 60 25 4 .955
22 Gamble, Christine .107 17-5 28 2 3 0 0 0 2 3 .107 1 0 9 0 .138 0 0 0-0 14 0 0 1.000
23 Bennett, Danielle .000 5-1 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 3 0 1 0 .429 0 0 0-0 0 0 1 .000
21 Kingery, Ashley.. .000 7-0 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 0 0 2 0 .000 0 0 0-0 3 0 0 1.000
10 Christenson, Aman .000 10-1 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 0 0 0 0 .000 0 0 0-0 1 0 0 1.000
3 Holt, Cassie..... .000 3-0 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 .000 0 0 1 0 .000 0 0 0-0 0 0 0 .000
5 Lohman, Cassie... .000 16-0 1 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 .000 0 0 0 0 .000 1 0 0-0 0 0 0 .000
16 Dorn, Amie....... .000 6-0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 0 0 0 0 .000 0 0 0-0 0 0 0 .000
17 Lugar, Hannah.... .000 1-0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 .000 0 0 0 0 .000 0 0 0-0 2 57 3 .952
Totals.............. .333 57-57 1621 342 540 101 8 43 300 786 .485 119 22 222 1 .385 9 7 13-19 1101 440 53 .967
Opponents........... .205 57-57 1354 107 277 81 11 22 96 446 .329 71 13 336 1 .251 1 37 35-42 1059 450 104 .936
LOB - Team (377), Opp (268). DPs turned - Team (14), Opp (23). IBB - Team (2), Helton, T. 2. Picked off - Lorah, K. 1.
(All games Sorted by Earned run avg)
Player ERA W-L APP GS CG SHO/CBO SV IP H R ER BB SO 2B 3B HR AB B/Avg WP HBP BK SFA SHA
13 Villarreal, Monic 1.28 20-5 28 25 24 7/0 2 164.1 96 35 30 33 176 36 2 8 574 .167 2 8 0 0 20
17 Lugar, Hannah.... 1.99 22-7 30 29 27 7/0 0 186.0 164 66 53 32 149 39 9 14 713 .230 4 5 0 1 16
11 Northup, Lauryn.. 2.10 2-1 3 3 2 0/0 0 16.2 17 6 5 6 11 6 0 0 67 .254 1 0 0 0 1
Totals.............. 1.68 44-13 57 57 53 14/0 2 367.0 277 107 88 71 336 81 11 22 1354 .205 7 13 0 1 37
Opponents........... 5.31 13-44 57 57 36 4/0 1 353.0 540 342 268 119 222 101 8 43 1621 .333 29 22 0 9 7
PB - Team (4), Lorah, K. 3, Atkins, K. 1, Opp (34). Pickoffs - Team (1), Lorah, K. 1, Opp (1). SBA/ATT - Lorah, K. (19-24),
Villarreal (14-18), Lugar, H. (13-16), Atkins, K. (8-9), Northup, L. (1-1), Kingery, A. (1-1).
William Penn University Baseball
Overall Statistics for William Penn (as of May 09, 2010)
(All games Sorted by Fielding pct)
Player C PO A E FLD% DPs SBA CSB SBA% PB CI
22 Gamble, Christine 14 14 0 0 1.000 0 0 0 --- 0 0
20 Labbe, Brittany.. 10 10 0 0 1.000 0 0 0 --- 0 0
11 Northup, Lauryn.. 5 1 4 0 1.000 0 1 0 1.000 0 0
21 Kingery, Ashley.. 3 3 0 0 1.000 0 1 0 1.000 0 0
26 Reber, Whitney... 1 1 0 0 1.000 0 0 0 --- 0 0
10 Christenson, Aman 1 1 0 0 1.000 0 0 0 --- 0 0
24 Helton, Tyanna... 403 376 22 5 .988 13 0 0 --- 0 0
27 Lorah, Krystina.. 285 262 19 4 .986 0 19 5 .792 3 0
25 Atkins, Kara..... 171 117 51 3 .982 0 8 1 .889 1 0
19 Lewis, Khyia..... 55 49 5 1 .982 0 0 0 --- 0 0
15 Miller, Molly.... 67 24 41 2 .970 3 0 0 --- 0 0
9 Dreyer, Hailey... 89 60 25 4 .955 1 0 0 --- 0 0
17 Lugar, Hannah.... 62 2 57 3 .952 3 13 3 .813 0 0
4 Rensberger, Andre 40 36 2 2 .950 0 0 0 --- 0 0
2 Mork, Leah....... 210 97 102 11 .948 6 0 0 --- 0 0
13 Villarreal, Monic 26 1 23 2 .923 1 14 4 .778 0 0
6 Stream, Ashley... 151 47 89 15 .901 10 0 0 --- 0 0
23 Bennett, Danielle 1 0 0 1 .000 0 0 0 --- 0 0
16 Dorn, Amie....... 0 0 0 0 .000 0 0 0 --- 0 0
3 Holt, Cassie..... 0 0 0 0 .000 0 0 0 --- 0 0
5 Lohman, Cassie... 0 0 0 0 .000 0 0 0 --- 0 0
30 Ward, Cassie..... 0 0 0 0 .000 0 0 0 --- 0 0
Totals.............. 1594 1101 440 53 .967 14 35 7 .833 4 0
Opponents........... 1613 1059 450 104 .936 23 13 6 .684 34 0
Games Summary
William Penn University Baseball
Games Summary for William Penn (as of May 09, 2010)
(All games)
Inning-by-inning 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total
---------------- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -----
William Penn 45 58 43 55 72 32 37 342
Opponents 13 10 14 23 21 18 8 107
Win-Loss Record When
--------------------
Overall............. 44-13 After 4 leading..... 35-1
Conference.......... 16-6 ....... trailing.... 3-9
Non-Conference...... 28-7 ....... tied........ 6-3
Home games.......... 14-3 After 5 leading..... 28-0
Away games.......... 5-8 ....... trailing.... 3-10
Neutral site........ 25-2 ....... tied........ 2-3
Day games........... 41-12 After 6 leading..... 27-0
Night games......... 3-1 ....... trailing.... 2-11
vs Left starter..... 2-0 ....... tied........ 1-2
vs Right starter.... 42-13
1-Run games......... 4-6 Hit 0 home runs..... 24-9
2-Run games......... 3-2 ... 1 home run...... 10-3
5+Run games......... 25-2 ... 2+ home runs.... 10-1
Extra innings....... 0-0
Shutouts............ 14-4 Opponent 0 home runs 39-5
........ 1 home run. 3-4
Scoring 0-2 runs.... 5-10 ........ 2+ HRs..... 2-4
....... 3-5 runs.... 10-2
....... 6-9 runs.... 19-1 Made 0 errors....... 23-6
....... 10+ runs.... 10-0 .... 1 error........ 13-2
.... 2+ errors...... 8-5
Opponent 0-2 runs... 37-3
........ 3-5 runs... 6-8 Opp. made 0 errors.. 4-4
........ 6-9 runs... 1-1 ......... 1 error... 17-6
........ 10+ runs... 0-1 ......... 2+ errors. 23-3
Scored in 1st inning 20-3 Out-hit opponent.... 42-4
Opp. scored in 1st.. 7-4 Out-hit by opponent. 2-7
Scores first........ 33-2 Hits are tied....... 0-2
Opp. scores first... 11-11
Record when team scores:
Runs 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
W-L 0-4 0-5 5-1 3-1 6-1 1-0 5-0 6-1 5-0 3-0 10-0
Record when opponent scores:
Runs 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+
W-L 14-0 20-1 3-2 2-4 4-2 0-2 1-0 0-1 0-0 0-0 0-1
Record when leading after:
Inn. 1 2 3 4 5 6
W-L 19-2 25-2 30-2 35-1 28-0 27-0
Record when trailing after:
Inn. 1 2 3 4 5 6
W-L 4-3 5-5 6-8 3-9 3-10 2-11
Record when tied after:
Inn. 1 2 3 4 5 6
W-L 21-8 14-6 8-3 6-3 2-3 1-2
Current losing streak : 1
Longest winning streak : 11
Longest losing streak : 3
Home attendance : 1222 ( 15 dates avg = 81 )
Away attendance : 698 ( 35 dates avg = 19 )
Total attendance: 1920 ( 50 dates avg = 38 )
Category Leaders
William Penn University Baseball
Batting Leaders for William Penn (as of May 09, 2010)
(All games)
Hitting minimums - 1 Games
Pitching minimums - 1 Games
Batting avg
-----------
1. 24 Helton, Tyanna... .458
2. 26 Reber, Whitney... .400
3. 19 Lewis, Khyia..... .387
4. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. .386
5. 25 Atkins, Kara..... .335
Slugging pct
------------
1. 24 Helton, Tyanna... .821
2. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. .632
3. 19 Lewis, Khyia..... .558
4. 6 Stream, Ashley... .466
5. 2 Mork, Leah....... .460
On base pct
-----------
1. 24 Helton, Tyanna... .537
2. 30 Ward, Cassie..... .434
3. 19 Lewis, Khyia..... .433
4. 23 Bennett, Danielle .429
5. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. .422
Runs scored
-----------
1. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 46
2. 6 Stream, Ashley... 45
3. 15 Miller, Molly.... 42
4. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 34
19 Lewis, Khyia..... 34
Hits
----
1. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 77
2. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 66
3. 19 Lewis, Khyia..... 63
4. 6 Stream, Ashley... 61
5. 15 Miller, Molly.... 60
Runs batted in
--------------
1. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 56
2. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 49
3. 25 Atkins, Kara..... 41
4. 2 Mork, Leah....... 36
5. 19 Lewis, Khyia..... 30
Doubles
-------
1. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 19
2. 6 Stream, Ashley... 17
19 Lewis, Khyia..... 17
4. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 12
5. 2 tied at........... 10
Triples
-------
1. 9 Dreyer, Hailey... 3
2. 2 Mork, Leah....... 2
15 Miller, Molly.... 2
4. 19 Lewis, Khyia..... 1
Home runs
---------
1. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 14
2. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 10
3. 2 Mork, Leah....... 6
4. 6 Stream, Ashley... 4
5. 2 tied at........... 3
Total bases
-----------
1. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 138
2. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 108
3. 19 Lewis, Khyia..... 91
4. 6 Stream, Ashley... 90
5. 2 tied at........... 75
Walks
-----
1. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 29
2. 25 Atkins, Kara..... 16
3. 19 Lewis, Khyia..... 13
4. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 10
5. 2 tied at........... 9
Hit by pitch
------------
1. 25 Atkins, Kara..... 6
2. 30 Ward, Cassie..... 4
3. 15 Miller, Molly.... 3
4. 4 tied at........... 2
Sac bunts
---------
1. 9 Dreyer, Hailey... 5
2. 15 Miller, Molly.... 1
4 Rensberger, Andre 1
Sac flies
---------
1. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 2
24 Helton, Tyanna... 2
3. 5 tied at........... 1
Stolen bases
------------
1. 4 Rensberger, Andre 4
2. 9 Dreyer, Hailey... 3
2 Mork, Leah....... 3
4. 3 tied at........... 1
Caught stealing
---------------
1. 2 Mork, Leah....... 3
2. 6 Stream, Ashley... 2
3. 25 Atkins, Kara..... 1
Steal attempts
--------------
1. 2 Mork, Leah....... 6
2. 4 Rensberger, Andre 4
3. 6 Stream, Ashley... 3
9 Dreyer, Hailey... 3
5. 3 tied at........... 1
Stolen base pct
---------------
1. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 1.000
19 Lewis, Khyia..... 1.000
9 Dreyer, Hailey... 1.000
4 Rensberger, Andre 1.000
5. 2 Mork, Leah....... .500
Strikeouts
----------
1. 2 Mork, Leah....... 37
2. 19 Lewis, Khyia..... 29
3. 9 Dreyer, Hailey... 27
4. 15 Miller, Molly.... 22
5. 6 Stream, Ashley... 20
Grounded into DP
----------------
1. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 1
Total plate appearances
-----------------------
1. 6 Stream, Ashley... 204
2. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 201
3. 15 Miller, Molly.... 191
4. 25 Atkins, Kara..... 190
5. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 185
At bats
-------
1. 6 Stream, Ashley... 193
2. 15 Miller, Molly.... 179
3. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 171
4. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 168
5. 25 Atkins, Kara..... 167
Games played
------------
1. 25 Atkins, Kara..... 57
2. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 56
3. 9 Dreyer, Hailey... 55
2 Mork, Leah....... 55
5. 2 tied at........... 54
Game starts
-----------
1. 25 Atkins, Kara..... 57
2. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 56
3. 9 Dreyer, Hailey... 55
4. 2 Mork, Leah....... 54
5. 3 tied at........... 53
Games as sub
------------
1. 30 Ward, Cassie..... 19
2. 5 Lohman, Cassie... 16
3. 26 Reber, Whitney... 12
22 Gamble, Christine 12
5. 10 Christenson, Aman 9
William Penn University Baseball
Pitching Leaders for William Penn (as of May 09, 2010)
(All games)
Hitting minimums - 1 Games
Pitching minimums - 1 Games
Earned run avg
--------------
1. 13 Villarreal, Monic 1.28
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 1.99
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 2.10
Opposing bat avg
----------------
1. 13 Villarreal, Monic .167
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... .230
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. .254
Won-loss pct
------------
1. 13 Villarreal, Monic .800
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... .759
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. .667
Wins
----
1. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 22
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 20
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 2
Losses
------
1. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 7
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 5
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 1
Saves
-----
1. 13 Villarreal, Monic 2
Innings pitched
---------------
1. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 186.0
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 164.1
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 16.2
Batters struck out
------------------
1. 13 Villarreal, Monic 176
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 149
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 11
Appearances
-----------
1. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 30
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 28
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 3
Games started
-------------
1. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 29
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 25
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 3
Games finished
--------------
1. 13 Villarreal, Monic 3
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 1
Games in relief
---------------
1. 13 Villarreal, Monic 3
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 1
Wild pitches
------------
1. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 4
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 2
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 1
Balks
-----
Hit batters
-----------
1. 13 Villarreal, Monic 8
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 5
Intentional BB allowed
----------------------
Runners picked off
------------------
1. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 1
Batters SO out looking
----------------------
1. 13 Villarreal, Monic 52
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 48
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 6
Sac bunts allowed
-----------------
1. 13 Villarreal, Monic 20
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 16
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 1
Sac flies allowed
-----------------
1. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 1
Hits allowed
------------
1. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 17
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 96
3. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 164
Runs allowed
------------
1. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 6
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 35
3. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 66
Earned runs allowed
-------------------
1. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 5
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 30
3. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 53
Walks allowed
-------------
1. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 6
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 32
3. 13 Villarreal, Monic 33
Doubles allowed
---------------
1. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 6
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 36
3. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 39
Triples allowed
---------------
1. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 0
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 2
3. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 9
Home runs allowed
-----------------
1. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 0
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 8
3. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 14
William Penn University Baseball
Pitching Per-Game leaders for William Penn (as of May 09, 2010)
(All games)
Hitting minimums - 1 Games
Pitching minimums - 1 Games
Innings per game
----------------
1. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 6.20
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 5.87
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 5.56
Strikeouts/game
---------------
1. 13 Villarreal, Monic 7.50
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 5.61
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 4.62
Walks allowed/game
------------------
1. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 1.20
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 1.41
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 2.52
Doubles allowed/game
--------------------
1. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 1.47
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 1.53
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 2.52
Triples allowed/game
--------------------
1. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 0.00
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 0.09
3. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 0.34
Homers allowed/game
-------------------
1. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 0.00
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 0.34
3. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 0.53
Fly outs/game
-------------
1. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 6.72
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 6.69
3. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 5.16
Ground outs/game
----------------
1. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 9.66
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 9.48
3. 13 Villarreal, Monic 6.47
Batters faced/game
------------------
1. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 31.08
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 28.87
3. 13 Villarreal, Monic 27.05
Hits allowed/game
-----------------
1. 13 Villarreal, Monic 4.09
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 6.17
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 7.14
Runs allowed/game
-----------------
1. 13 Villarreal, Monic 1.49
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 2.48
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 2.52
Earned runs/game
----------------
1. 13 Villarreal, Monic 1.28
2. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 1.99
3. 11 Northup, Lauryn.. 2.10
William Penn University Baseball
Fielding Leaders for William Penn (as of May 09, 2010)
(All games)
Hitting minimums - 1 Games
Pitching minimums - 1 Games
Fielding pct
------------
1. 22 Gamble, Christine 1.000
20 Labbe, Brittany.. 1.000
21 Kingery, Ashley.. 1.000
26 Reber, Whitney... 1.000
10 Christenson, Aman 1.000
Chances
-------
1. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 403
2. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 285
3. 2 Mork, Leah....... 210
4. 25 Atkins, Kara..... 171
5. 6 Stream, Ashley... 151
Putouts
-------
1. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 376
2. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 262
3. 25 Atkins, Kara..... 117
4. 2 Mork, Leah....... 97
5. 9 Dreyer, Hailey... 60
Assists
-------
1. 2 Mork, Leah....... 102
2. 6 Stream, Ashley... 89
3. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 57
4. 25 Atkins, Kara..... 51
5. 15 Miller, Molly.... 41
Errors
------
1. 6 Stream, Ashley... 15
2. 2 Mork, Leah....... 11
3. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 5
4. 9 Dreyer, Hailey... 4
27 Lorah, Krystina.. 4
Fielding double plays
---------------------
1. 24 Helton, Tyanna... 13
2. 6 Stream, Ashley... 10
3. 2 Mork, Leah....... 6
4. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 3
15 Miller, Molly.... 3
Stolen bases against
--------------------
1. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 19
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 14
3. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 13
4. 25 Atkins, Kara..... 8
5. 2 tied at........... 1
Caught stealing by
------------------
1. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 5
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 4
3. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 3
4. 25 Atkins, Kara..... 1
Steal attempts against
----------------------
1. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 24
2. 13 Villarreal, Monic 18
3. 17 Lugar, Hannah.... 16
4. 25 Atkins, Kara..... 9
5. 2 tied at........... 1
Passed balls
------------
1. 27 Lorah, Krystina.. 3
2. 25 Atkins, Kara..... 1
Catchers interference
---------------------